[NOTES: The prices quoted here are for a subscription to the periodical; throughout the period, subscribers also paid postage, which varied depending on the format of the periodical (newspapers were usually cheaper than magazines) and the distance it was sent.
• Unless noted, page size is the size when trimmed, usually for binding; page size is approximate. Page size is described as height by width, thus: [measurement in inches]" h x [measurement in inches]" w
• about frequency: semimonthly: twice a month (usually 24 issues per year); biweekly: every other week (usually 26 issues per year); bimonthly: every other month (usually 6 issues per year)
• about availability: selections or complete issues available for free on the Internet, or available at libraries on microform
• abbreviations: APS, American Periodical Series (microfilm); AAS, American Antiquarian Society, MA; Batsel, Union List of United Methodist Serials, 1773-1973, comp. John D. Batsel and Lyda K. Batsel (Evanston, IL: n. p., 1974); NUC, National Union Catalog; OCLC, database available at many institutions via WorldCat (information may also be available in the NUC); ULS, Union List of Serials in Libraries of the United States and Canada, ed. Winifred Gregory (New York, NY: H. W. Wilson Co., 1927)]

Young Folks' Monitor, and The World We Live In ; April 1861-

edited by: R. M. Mansur

published: OCLC: Mount Vernon, ME: R. M. Mansur.
• AAS: Boston, MA: S. Hawes.
• Perhaps published in Maine in April and moved to Boston: AAS copy is June 1861

frequency: monthly

description: Newspaper format

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

The Sunday School Paper for the South ; May 1861-April 1862?

published: Charleston, SC: South Carolina Sunday School Union, 1861-1862?; printed by R. M. Stokes, 1861; printed by James Phynney, April 1862

frequency: monthly (irregular)

description: April 1862, 4 pp.

source of information: Kennerly

bibliography: Sarah Law Kennerly. "Confederate Juvenile Imprints: Children's Books and Periodicals Published in the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865." PhD diss. University of Michigan, 1956.

The Portfolio ; June-Sept 1861

edited by: Samuel L. Hammond; Frederick W. Miller

published: Charleston, SC: Samuel L. Hammond, 1861

frequency: monthly

description: $1/ year

source of information: Kennerly

bibliography: Sarah Law Kennerly. "Confederate Juvenile Imprints: Children's Books and Periodicals Published in the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865." PhD diss. University of Michigan, 1956.

The Deaf Mute Casket ; 1? Oct 1861-1 April 1865

edited by: Willie J. Palmer

published: Raleigh, NC: North Carolina Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, Oct 1861-1 April 1865; published by the deaf pupils

frequency: Oct 1861-Oct 1864, semimonthly during school term; Nov 1864-1 April 1865, monthly

description: 4 pp.; page size, 15.75" h x 11" w • Prices: 1 copy, 50¢/ year; 10 copies, $4/ year

relevant quote: "The Casket is published ... by the Deaf mute pupils of the Institution. The publication of such a paper, was not commenced with the expectation that [it] would prove a source of profit, but Printing being one of the mechanical branches selected by the Board of Directors to be taught the pupils, it was deemed necessary to issue some publication of the kind.... With the current receipts from Job work, it is expected that the Printing department will defray its own expenses, and at the same time give the unfortunate mutes a good trade, which will enable them, when they have finished their education, to earn an honest living, and become good and useful citizens." [2 (1 April 1862): editorial page; in Kennerly, p. 424]

source of information: Kennerly

bibliography: Sarah Law Kennerly. "Confederate Juvenile Imprints: Children's Books and Periodicals Published in the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865." PhD diss. University of Michigan, 1956.

Monthly Voice ; 1862-April 1864

edited by: M. L. Wilson

published: Newark, OH: General Church of the New Jerusalem

frequency: monthly

source of information: AAS catalog

Young People's Helper (also Young People's Helper and Temperance Visitor) ; 1862-after Jan 1872

cover/masthead: 1872

published: Portland, ME: Z. Pope Vose, 1871.
• Portland, ME: Rich & Vose, 1872; publisher at 74 Middle St..

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1871: page size, 11.75" h
• 1872: 32 pp.; page size untrimmed, 8" h x 5.75" w; price, $1 /year in advance; postage, 12¢/ year

relevant quote: In Jan 1872, the Helper had a new format: "We present to our readers the first number of the Helper in its new and improved magazine form, and trust that it will commend itself to their approbation and elicit their hearty support. ... As a home magazine for boys and girls we hope it will universally please the young people, and obtain the approbation of their elders. As a school magazine we hope it will commend itself to the approval and support of both teachers and pupils." [10 (Jan 1872): 30]

source of information: Jan 1872 issue; AAS catalog

The Children's Friend ; Aug 1862-June 1915

cover/masthead: 1867-1868

edited by: 1863, William Brown • 1867-1868, 1896, E. T. Baird
• OCLC lists J. K. Hazen

published: Richmond, VA: Presbyterian Committee on Publication, 1862-1878; publisher 1101 Main St., 1867-1868.
• Richard, VA: Presbyterian Committe on Publication, in conjunction with the Reformed Church, 1878-1915.

frequency: 1862, monthly • 1 Jan 1864-, semimonthly • 1867-1868, semimonthly & monthly

description: 4 pp.; folio; price, 30¢/ copy
• 1862: price, 40¢/ year, "in packages"
• 1867: page size, 14.5" h x 10.5" w; price, 30¢/ year, "in packages" • 1868: page size, 14.5" h x 10.5" w; price: 1 copy, semimonthly, 50¢/year; monthly, 25¢/ year. 8 copies, semimonthly, $2/ year; monthly, $1/ year. Price was lowered in 1867
• 1867-1868: "An Evangelical Sabbath School Journal"
• Vol 1-2 (Aug 1862-1864); new series vol 1-51 (1866-June 1915)

absorbed by: Onward

source of information: Dec 1867-1868 scattered issues; Kennerly; Kelly; OCLC; NUC

bibliography: Sarah Law Kennerly. "Confederate Juvenile Imprints: Children's Books and Periodicals Published in the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865." PhD diss. University of Michigan, 1956.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

The Child's Index ; Sept 1862, Jan 1863-April 1865 • Child's Delight ; 1866-1869?

edited by: 1862, 1863-1865, Samuel Boykin

published: Macon, GA: Samuel Boykin, Jan 1863-April 1865. Macon, GA: n. p., 1866.

frequency: 1863-1865, monthly • 1866, semimonthly

description: 4 pp.; newspaper format
• Circulation: March 1863, 4,000-5,000
• Sept 1862 issue is specimen issue
• Aug 1864 issue misnumbered Vol 2 #7
• Baptist focus

source of information: Kennerly; OCLC

available: excerpts of Index in Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

bibliography: Sarah Law Kennerly. "Confederate Juvenile Imprints: Children's Books and Periodicals Published in the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865." PhD diss. University of Michigan, 1956.
• Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

Little American ; 1 Oct 1862-1864

edited by: Susan Warner; Anna Warner

published: Hudson, NY: George W. Frary, 1 Oct 1862-. Also, Rhinecliff, NY: George W. Frary, 1862. West Point, NY: George W. Frary, 1863.

frequency: semimonthly

description: 8 pp.; price, $1.50/ year
• No issues for 15 July 1864 or 1 Aug 1864
• 1865 issues were to be monthly; 12 pp.
• 22 issues total

relevant quote: In 1864, the editors announced, "We shall not go on unless we have what we think encouragement to do so." [2 (1 Nov 1864): 164; in Lyon, p. 238]

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC; Lyon

available: excerpt in Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 236-238.
• Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

Der Lammerhirt ; 1863-

See Der Lämmer-Hirte

Little Joker ; 1863-1866

published: New York, NY

source of information: Kelly

bibliography: Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

Children's Guide ; July 1863-Aug 1865

edited by: John W. Burke

published: Macon, GA: John W. Burke.

frequency: monthly: 1st day of month; 1 vol/ year

description: 4 pp.; page size, 11.75" h. Prices: 1 copy, $1/ year; 10 copies, 70¢/ year

• Methodist focus

source of information: Kennerly; Batsel; NUC

bibliography: Sarah Law Kennerly. "Confederate Juvenile Imprints: Children's Books and Periodicals Published in the Confederate States of America, 1861-1865." PhD diss. University of Michigan, 1956.

The Young Pilgrim ; Sept 1863-after 18 Dec 1869

cover/masthead: 1869

edited by: William B. Herron, 1869

published: Boston, MA: Christian Publication Society, 1863. • Boston, MA: the Advent Christian Publication Society, 1869; publisher at 167 Hanover St.

frequency: semi-monthly

description: 1869: 4 pp.; page size, 13.5" h x 10" w. Prices: 1-10 copies, 50¢/ year each; 10-49 copies, 40¢/year each; 50+ copies, 35¢/year each

• Vol 7 #24 is 18 Dec 1869

source of information: Dec 1869 copy; AAS

California Youths' Companion ; 3 Dec 1864-27 Sept 1866

edited by: W. B. Ewer

published: San Francisco, CA: Smith & Edgar, 1864.

frequency: weekly

description: Vol 3 #12 is 20 April 1866

source of information: NUC; AAS

The Experiment: a Juvenile Monthly ; Jan 1864-

published: Philadelphia, PA: n. p.; printed by J. Richards

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 10.5" h

source of information: OCLC; AAS catalog

The Youth's Visitor ; Jan 1864-Oct 1872

edited by: Jan 1864-Jan 1865, R. Hutchinson • Feb 1865-Oct 1872, John M. Orrock

published: Boston, MA: the American Millenial Association. • Also published in Quebec, 1866-1872

frequency: 1 vol/ year • Jan 1864-Dec 1865, monthly
• Jan 1866-Dec 1868, semimonthly • Jan 1869-Oct 1872, monthly

description: Page size, 14" h

source of information: OCLC; NUC

The School and Family Visitor ; April-Sept 1864

published: Louisville, KY

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 8" h

source of information: ULS; OCLC

Child's Banner ; 1865

available: excerpt in Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

bibliography: Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

The Sunday School Standard ; 1865?-

edited by: J. E. Gilbert

published: Buffalo, NY; published for the County Associations of Western New York

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 19.5" h • Aug 1866 is vol 2 #8

source of information: AAS catalog

The Young Evangelist ; 1865-1906?

published: St. Louis, MO: Christian Publishing.

frequency: weekly

description: Page size, 13.75" h • 2 Feb 1902 is vol 27 #5 • Last issue listed in OCLC is March 1906 (vol 31 #3)

source of information: OCLC

Missionary Visitor ; 1865-1895 • Children's Visitor; 1896-1901

published: Dayton, OH: D. K. Flickinger

frequency: semimonthly; 1 vol/ year • 22 June 1878 is vol. 13, #24

absorbed by: The Children's Friend • Friend for Boys and Girls (Dayton, OH; 1854-1917)

source of information: Batsel; OCLC

Our Young Folks ; Jan 1865-Dec 1873

cover/masthead: 1865-1867, winter | 1865-1867, spring | 1865-1867, summer | 1865-1867, autumn | 1868-1873

edited by: John Townsend Trowbridge; Abigail Dodge ("Gail Hamilton"); Lucy Larcom, 1865-1867
• John Townsend Trowbridge; Lucy Larcom, 1867-1873

published: Boston: Ticknor & Fields, Jan 1865-1868. Boston: Fields, Osgood & Co., 1869-1873.
• New York, NY: The American News Company, Jan 1865-Sept 1866.
• Philadelphia, PA: T. B. Pugh, Jan 1865-Sept 1866.
• Chicago, IL: John R. Walsh, Jan 1865. Chicago, IL: Western News Co., Sept 1866.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: Jan 1865, 80 pp.; Feb 1865, 72 pp.; March, April 1865, 68 pp.; May 1865, 64 pp.; June 1865, 68 pp.; July 1865-Dec 1872, 64 pp.
• Page size untrimmed, 8.75" h x 6" w • Price: 20¢/ issue; $2/ year
• Circulation (from magazine): Dec 1867, 50,000; 1869, 76,543

relevant quotes:
• The Dec 1873 issue of Our Young Folks holds no hint that the magazine was about to be absorbed by another periodical; in fact, it contains a description of stories and serials planned for 1874, when the periodical would have a new look: "We have the satisfaction to announce that 'Our Young Folks' will bid its readers a Happy New Year in an entirely new suit of beautiful type; and that there will be other improvements in the mechanical appearance of the magazine, to correspond with its more elegant dress." [9 (Dec 1873): 764] Other plans included publication of "Fast Friends," a serial by John Townsend Trowbridge, and something just for young readers: "For the special benefit of youngest readers, we shall next year carry out a novel plan which we have long had in contemplation. The little ones, we are sure, will be delighted with it; and friends who have had a peep at the design declare that it will be no less entertaining to all." [9 (Dec 1873): 764]

• Subscribers probably learned of the magazine's fate when St. Nicholas appeared in their post office boxes; it printed a note from John Townsend Trowbridge: "Through the courtesy of the conductor of St. Nicholas, I am enabled to say a few words to the readers of 'Our Young Folks,' in place of the many I should have wished to say in the last number of that lamented magazine, had it been known to be the last when it left the editorial hands. That number was sent to its readers in the full faith that all it promised them for the coming year was to be more than fulfilled. But it had scarcely gone forth, when came the sudden change by which 'Our Young Folks' ceased to exist--the result of a purely commercial transaction, wholly justifiable, I think, on the part of the publishers, J. R. Osgood and Company, of whose honorable and liberal conduct in all that related to the little magazine, up to the very last, I can speak with the better grace now that my editorial connection with their house has ceased. ... The serial story, prepared for the late magazine, is herewith transferred to St. Nicholas ...." ["A Card from the Editor of 'Our Young Folks.'" St. Nicholas. 1 (Jan 1874): 160]

absorbed by: St. Nicholas ; Nov 1873-Feb 1940, 1943

source of information: Jan 1865, Sept-Oct 1866 issues, 1873 scattered issues; 1865-1872 bound volumes; St. Nicholas; Lyon; Kelly

available: APS III (1850-1900), reel 65-66
• excerpts in Yesterday's Children, ed. John Morton Blum. Cambridge, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, The Riverside Press, 1959.
• excerpts in Companions of Our Youth: Stories by Women for Young People's Magazines, 1865-1900, ed. Jane Benardete and Phyllis Moe. NY: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1980.
• excerpts in Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.
• excerpts online

bibliography: John Townsend Trowbridge. "A Card from the Editor of 'Our Young Folks.'" St. Nicholas. 1 (Jan 1874): 160.
• Frank Luther Mott. A History of American Magazines: vol 3, 1865-1885. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1938. pp. 175.
• Eleanor Weakley Nolen. "Nineteenth Century Children's Magazines." The Horn Book Magazine. 15 (January/February 1939): 55-60.
• Mabel F. Altstetter. "Early American Magazines for Children." Peabody Journal of Education 19 (Nov 1941); p. 133.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 271-276.
• Alice M. Jordan. "'Our Young Folks': Its Editors and Authors." In From Rollo to Tom Sawyer, and Other Papers. Boston: The Horn Book, Inc., 1948.
• John Morton Blum, ed. Yesterday's Children. Cambridge, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, The Riverside Press, 1959.
• R. Gordon Kelly. Mother was a Lady. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; p. 146.
• James Marten. "For the Good, the True, and the Beautiful: Northern Children's Magazines and the Civil War." Civil War History 41 (March 1995): 57-75.
• Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.
• Brandy Parris. "Difficult Sympathy in the Reconstruction-Era Animal Stories of Our Young Folks." Children's Literature, 31 (2003): 25-49.
Lorinda B. Cohoon. "Necessary Badness: Reconstructing Postbellum Boyhood Citizenships in Our Young Folks and The Story of a Bad Boy," in Serialized Citizenships: Periodicals, Books, and American Boys, 1840-1911. Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, 2006; pp. 89-118.

The Little Sower ; Jan 1865-

edited by: William Worth Dowling

published: Indianapolis, IN: William Worth Dowling.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 10" h

continued by: Sunday School Evangelist

source of information: OCLC

The Little Corporal ; July 1865-April 1875

cover/masthead: 1865-1866 | 1869 | early 1870 | July 1870-1871 | 1872-1873

edited by: July 1865-June 1871, Alfred L. Sewell
• June 1866-Feb 1867, Edward Eggleston, associate ed.
• Aug 1867-1873, Emily Huntington Miller

published: Chicago, IL: Alfred L. Sewell, July 1865-1870.
• Chicago, IL: Alfred L. Sewell & John Edwin Miller, 1870-June 1871.
• Chicago, IL: John Edwin Miller, July 1871-1873; office at 165 West Washington St., 1 May 1872-1873.

frequency: monthly; 2 vol/ year

description: July 1865-June 1870: 16 pp.; page size, 11" h x 8" w; price, $1/ year
• July 1870-1871: 32 pp.; octavo; page size untrimmed, 9.25" h x 6.25" w
• Nov 1871: 8 pp.; marked "supplement number for November, 1871"
• Dec 1871: 48 pp. • Jan 1872: 40 pp. • Feb-Nov 1872: 38 pp. • Dec 1872: 40 pp.
• Circulation: July 1866, 35,000; 1869, 80,000; Feb 1869, "We print now 85,000 copies, full count." (p. 31)
• An amateur paper called The Little Corporal was published in Stapleton, NY, by William P. Hagadorn; OCLC includes a description of an issue dated 17 Sept 1853

relevant information: Advertising rates in 1869 were $1.50 per line, for advertisements on the three pages of the cover (inside front; inside back; back); until this time, rates for the third page of the cover (the back) were lower than for the other two pages. [8 (Feb 1869): 31]

relevant quotes:
• On the founding: Alfred L. Sewell organized children as the Army of the American Eagle, to raise money for the Sanitary Commission and the Christian Commission, in aid of Union soldiers and their families: "Your precious letters, your sweet heart-words, and your earnest patriotism, seemed to breath [sic] into my spirit a new life, and I said, 'Oh that I had some medium through which I might talk to my gallant children's army.' Then the good thought spoke to me ..., and said, 'Here is the 'Little Corporal,' send him as your aid-de-camp. Tell him what to say, and let him take besides a bundle of good things to refresh and amuse your little soldiers by the way.' Then my idea was only to send him forth to do his whole work at the Great Fair. Then there was no thought of a future for him. But then, I thought what will become of my great army when the Fair is over? ... Must my army hereafter only live in the memories of its gallant deeds? ... I know full well that all of them will be glad to see the Little Corporal's face month after month, and let him tell them pretty stories, and talk to them of each other, and hold their hearts together, and lead them into good and pleasant ways." ["How I Came to Print the 'Little Corporal.'" 1 (July 1865): 1-2]

• In June 1869, the magazine announced that it had absorbed The Little Pilgrim: "...The Little Pilgrim has enlisted in The Little Corporal's army. ... The Little Pilgrim in coming to his western home readily joins The Little Corporal's army, and becomes an Aid. Private Queer resigns the position he has so honorably filled, and in the July No. The Little Pilgrim will take his place and thereafter bear the knapsack. ... Three cheers for 'The Little Pilgrim's Knapsack,' and three times three for The Little Pilgrim himself." [8 (June 1869): 92] Unusually, the merger was accomplished six months after The Little Pilgrim's last issue. With the July 1869 issue, the illustration at the head of the puzzles column was changed to show the Pilgrim and the Private working together; the union was acknowledged by a charming little scene: "'Good morning, my dear Pilgrim,' said Private Queer, as he met the young traveler at the depot in Chicago, after his long ride from Philadelphia. 'Allow me to carry your knapsack to the carriage, sir. ... I am very glad to see you looking so well, sir.' The Private said all this very rapidly, before the Pilgrim had time to speak, and, indeed, he was a little taken by surprise by the heartiness of the young soldier's reception, for, in the staid old Quaker city he had been used to deliberation and quiet dignity. He felt sure, however, that the young stranger was a friend, and in a moment grasped his hand warmly and returned his salutation...." [9 (July 1869): 16] In January 1870, the Corporal's cover changed to include the new "recruit". By July 1870, the Pilgrim was gone from both cover and puzzle column.

• In absorbing The Little Pilgrim, the Corporal invited other editors to yield up their own periodicals: "What one among the Juvenile Magazines will be first to follow 'The Little Pilgrim's' example in enlisting under The Corporal's banner? There are more than two or three of the Juvenile Magazines that are bringing small gain to their publishers, and some are causing heavy loss. The field of literature is, to many, an inviting one. Many have been tempted to begin literary, and especially juvenile periodicals, and have learned, when too late, that it was not all plain sailing, and that to finally succeed requires a great deal of hard work and a great deal of money, and many other things besides work and money. To all these we say: Come in out of the storm. The Corporal's tent is high and wide. We can make room for you. Don't wait for another invitation. Come join our conquering army. ... In plain English, we are ready to receive proposals to buy out other Juvenile Magazines and supply their outstanding circulation with numbers of The Little Corporal." ["Who Comes Next?" 8 (June 1869: 92]

• In July 1870, the page size was reduced, the number of pages was doubled, and the cover was changed: "Our readers will notice the enlargement and change in shape of our magazine. We dislike ever to make any change in form, but, while for five years we have prospered and been very happy in the old shape, we have often felt that smaller pages would be much more convenient, and can but feel glad that the change is now made." [11 (July 1870): 26] The Corporal's "new suit" was reflected in the frontispiece for the July issue, "The New Suit," featuring a five-year-old boy (the Corporal had been published for five years) proudly showing off new clothes; the frontispiece was described on page 28.

• Editors advertised the format change in 1870 by sending "editors' editions" of the magazine "to the editors of between 4,000 and 5,000 American newspapers and magazines." Enclosed was a description of the periodical: "We have worked hard to establish on a firm basis a national, first-class, original, juvenile magazine, that should be thoroughly American, and an honor and benefit to America and the American children.... We believe the ideal juvenile magazine should be of equal interest and profit to PARENTS AND CHILDREN--NOT CHILDISH but childlike." The enclosure included a sample notice for editors to use, despite the fact that "we prefer a good, independent notice"; the sample plays off one of Napoleon Bonaparte's nicknames and is ... flattering: "The wonderful growth of this young Napoleon of the juveniles has been as surprising as it is interesting. Its circulation has shot far ahead of that of any of its competitors. Its matter is entirely original and of a very high order. The freshness and vivacity of its pages cause the eyes of all our young people to sparkle. In its new, improved form it is one of the handsomest, as it is the cheapest, magazine we have ever seen." [11 (July 1870): enclosure]

• In 1871, the publisher's offices were destroyed by the Chicago Fire: "In the great conflagration of October 8 and 9, which laid waste the entire business part of the city of Chicago, The Little Corporal Publishing House was also destroyed, with all its contents, including all our printing material, presses, electrotype plates; all the back numbers on hand from the commencement of the Corporal down to the number for November, which was all ready and partly printed. Notwithstanding this terrible Baptism of Fire, the Little Corporal STILL LIVES, and the number for December will appear early in November, more charming and brilliant than ever. ... It will be extra large, containing about double the usual number of pages, so as to make up to our readers partly for the loss of the November number." [13 (Nov 1871): 1] The Dec 1871 issue was 48 pages and featured a frontispiece by Thomas Nast, of the Little Corporal rising from the ruins.

• Work and Play was absorbed by the Corporal in 1872, as announced in the April issue: "By an arrangement made with the publishers, Milton Bradley & Co., Springfield, Mass., the publication of [Work and Play] will hereafter be discontinued, and its subscribers will be supplied with the Little Corporal for the unexpired term of their subscription." [14 (April 1872): 154] The puzzles column was titled "Work and Play" beginning with the May 1872 issue.

absorbed: The Little Pilgrim ; Oct 1853-Dec 1868 • Work and Play ; Jan 1870-March 1872

absorbed by: St. Nicholas ; Nov 1873-Feb 1940, 1943

source of information: July 1865-Dec 1874 bound volumes and scattered issues; Kelly

available: excerpts in Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.
• excerpts online

bibliography: "Alfred L. Sewell." American Phrenological Journal 46 (Oct 1867): 134-135. • "Our New Firm." Little Corporal 8 (Feb 1869): 30-31.
• "Editors' Edition." Little Corporal 11 (July 1870): enclosure.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 277-280.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; p. 148.
• James Marten. "For the Good, the True, and the Beautiful: Northern Children's Magazines and the Civil War." Civil War History 41 (March 1995): 57-75.
• Lessons of War: The Civil War in Children's Magazines, ed. James Marten. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1998.

Our Friend ; 25 Dec 1865-1906?

edited by: P. F. de Gournay

published: Montgomery, AL

frequency: semimonthly

description: Page size, 11.25" h

source of information: OCLC

The Juvenile Instructor ; 1866-1929 • The Instructor ; 1930-1970 • The New Era 1971-present

edited by: 1866-April 1901, George Quayle Cannon
• May-Oct 1901, Lorenzo Snow
• Nov 1901-Nov 1918, Joseph F. Smith
• Dec 1918-June 1945, Heber J. Grant
• July 1945-April 1951, George Albert Smith
• July 1945-Dec 1949, Milton Bennion
• Jan 1950-Sept 1951, George R. Hill
• May 1951-Dec 1970, David O. McKay
• Jan 1971-March 1976, Doyle L. Green
• April 1976-July 1978, Dean L. Larsen
• Aug 1978-March 1979, James E. Faust
• April 1979-, M. Russell Ballard

published: Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Sunday School Union, 1866-1970.
• Salt Lake City, UT: Corporation of the Present of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, 1970-.

frequency: 1866-1907, semimonthly

description: Vol 1-105 (1866-1970); new series, vol 1- (1971-)

source of information: OCLC; Kelly

bibliography: Eleanor Weakley Nolen. "Nineteenth Century Children's Magazines." The Horn Book Magazine. 15 (January/February 1939): 55-60.
• Carolyn J. Bauer and Sharon P. Muir. "Visions, Saints and Zion: Children's Literature of the Mormon Movement." Phaedrus 7 (Spring/Summer 1980): 30-38.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

Little Bouquet (also Little Bouquets) ; May? 1866-Aug? 1867 • The Lyceum Banner ; 1 Sept 1867-March 1872 • Little Bouquet ; May 1873-?

edited by: 1 Sept 1867-March 1872, Mrs. H. R. M. Brown

published: Chicago, IL: Religio-Philosophical Publishing Association, 1866-1867.
• Chicago, IL: L. H. Kimball, 1868-.

frequency: 1866-1867, monthly; 1 vol/ year
• 1 Sept 1867-March 1872, semimonthly
• May 1873-?, monthly

description: 1866-1867: page size, 14.5" h • June 1866 is vol 1 #2
• 1 Sept 1867-March 1872: page size, 9" h

source of information: OCLC; Lyon

bibliography: Notice. The Children's Friend (West Chester, PA) 3 (Eleventh month 1868): 356. online
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 245.

Kind Words for the Sunday School Children ; Jan 1866-29 Sept 1929

edited by: 1871, S. Boykin

published: Greenville, SC: Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, 1866-1868.
• Memphis, TN: Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, 1868-1873.
• Marion, AL: Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, 1874-Nov 1875.
• Macon, GA: Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, Dec 1875-June 1886.
• Atlanta, GA: Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, 1886-

frequency: monthly, Jan 1866-June 1869
• semimonthly, July 1869-
• monthly, 1895-
• also available in a weekly edition

description: Baptist focus

source of information: OCLC

Spare Hours ; Jan-Dec 1866

edited by: "Grandpa Prattle"

published: Boston, MA: Patrick Donahoe, Jan-Dec 1866.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 64 pp.; page size, 8.5" h x 5.5" w; price, $2/ year • Catholic focus

relevant quote: Concluding: "The Spare Hours magazine, which it has been my pleasure to edit during the past year, opened with what appeared to every one supposed to possess a knowledge of such things, under the best possible auspices. Other publishers were satisfying the Protestant community by offering them choice general reading; and we, to satisfy an equal demand, issued the Spare Hours to our own. Faithful, alas, to the precedents of Catholic literature in this country, five millions of Catholics have proved themselves unwilling to support a magazine filled with wholesome reading, combining interesting fact and fancy with the moral teachings of religion. Perhaps our fault has been that our issues have not been crowded with 'blood and thunder,'--that we have not secured some of the many Dime-Novel writers; but if it has been we feel somewhat consoled in our labors, that our magazine has not been stained by any such compositions. Much as we regret to make the statement, it is nevertheless urgent upon us to say that the Spare Hours will be discontinued after the present number." [1 (Dec 1866): 761]

source of information: 1866 bound volume; Lyon

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 243.

The Youth's Temperance Banner ; Jan 1866-1917

cover/masthead: 1867-1868 | 1870-1871, 1873
published: New York, NY: National Temperance Society, Jan 1866-

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 4 pp.; folio • 1867, 1870-1871, 1873: page size, 13.25" h x 10" w
• Price: Prices: 1867: 1 copy, 30¢/ year; 10 copies, $2/ year; 50 copies, $8/ year; 100 copies, $15/ year. • 1870-1871: 1 copy, 25¢/ year; 8 copies, $1/ year; 10 copies, $1.25/ year; 15 copies, $1.88/ year; 20 copies, $2.50/ year; 30 copies, $3.75/ year; 40 copies, $5/ year; 50 copies, $6.25/ year; 100 copies, $12/ year. • 1800s-1900s, 40¢/ year; after 1907, 25¢/ year
• 1867, 1870-1871, 1873: Under the direction of John N. Stearns, former editor of Robert Merry's Museum (Feb 1841-Nov 1872)

source of information: 1867-1868, 1870-1871, 1873 scattered issues; OCLC; Lyon

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 283-285.

Ke Alaula (The path of light) ; Aperila (April) 1866-Malaki (March) 1873

edited by: Orramel Hinckley Gulick ("O. H. Kulika"), 1866-April 1870
• Anderson Oliver Forbes ("A. O. Polepe"), May-July 1871
• Lorenzo Lyons ("L. Laiana"), Aug 1871-1873

published: Honolulu, HI: n.p., for the Hawaiian Evangelical Association.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: Newspaper format • In Hawaiian

source of information: OCLC

The Children's Friend ; Fifth Month (May) 1866-Twelfth Month (Dec) 1887

cover/masthead: 1867 | 1868 | 1870-1876

edited by: Lydia H. Hall, 1866-1867
• Esther K. Smedley, 1866-1867, contributing editor; 1868-1872, editor; 1867, 1871, editor at 13 S. Church St., West Chester, PA
• Anne Bradley, 1873-1874
• Mary Y. Hough, 1875-1887

published: West Chester, PA: James P. Taylor, 1866.
• Philadelphia, PA: James P. Taylor, 1867-.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1866: 24 pp.; page size untrimmed, 8.75" h x 6.5" w; price, 15¢/ copy
• 1867-1875: 32 pp.; page size untrimmed, 8.75" h x 6.5" w; price, 15¢ or 25¢/ copy; $1.50/ year
• 1871, price, 15¢/ copy; $1.25/ year; $1.25/ 15 months
• Quaker focus


relevant information: There appear to be two different issues for Jan-April 1867: volume 1 began Fifth month 1866 and ran for 12 issues; volume 2 began First month 1867.

• The Friend was printed by James B. Rodgers, the Mercantile Printing Rooms, 6th St., Philadelphia, PA. Rodgers died in 1868; the death was announced in the 9th month issue. ["Our Letter Drawer." 3 (Ninth month 1868): 292]

• Esther Smedley died 13 May 1873; the issue for Oct 1873 (vol 8 #10) featured an engraved portrait of her and a brief biography. Smedley was credited with founding the Friend.

relevant quote: Introduction: "Dear Children: It is with words of cheer we greet you this beautiful Spring morning. We tap timidly at the door of your hearts, and await sweet words in token of your love. ... It is not enough that your friends write and that you read, but that they write so that your comprehend; dropping here a seed and there a blossom, that you reading, shall glean of the good, giving warmth and beauty to the crown of life." The periodical was meant to explore the tenets of the Society of Friends: "To impress upon the minds of the young these beautiful truths, emanating from the Divine mind, and inculcated by our early friends through bitter persecutions, long imprisonment, and even death; to blend with these the useful and attractive in nature, the lights and the shadows of life, is the happy mission of 'The Children's Friend.'" [Fifth month 1866, p. 1]

• Prospectus for 1869 volume: "It will be the object of the Editor, as heretofore, to prepare reading matter of a purely moral, interesting and instructive character, devoid of that glittering romance which pleases the mind, to the exclusion of more solid worth. Designed more particularly to supply a want long felt in the Society of Friends, it has also met the approval and appreciation of many of other denominations who now place it before their children." ["Prospectus of The Children's Friend." 3 (Eleventh month 1868): inside front cover; cover page 2]

absorbed by: Little Gem and Kindergarten ; Sept 1874?-after April 1879

source of information: 1866-1876, bound volumes & scattered issues (most located at Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, PA); Lyon; OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 281-282.

Frank Leslie's Children's Friend ; 6 Oct 1866 • Frank Leslie's Boys' and Girls' Weekly ; 13 Oct 1866-9 Feb 1884

cover/masthead: 1870, 1872

edited by: Frank Leslie

published: New York, NY: Frank Leslie, 6 Oct 1866-9 Feb 1884; publisher at 537 Pearl St., 1867-1868, 1870.

frequency: weekly: Wednesday

description: 8 pp.; small folio
• May 1867: 16 pp.; folio. Prices: 5¢/ copy; 1 copy, $1.25/ 6 months, $2.50/ year; 3 copies, $6.50; 5 copies, $10; $2 for every additional subscription. Monthly parts, 20¢
• 1870: 16 pp.; page size, 13.25" h x 9" w. Prices: 5¢/ copy; $2.50/ year
• 1872: 16 pp. Prices: 5¢/ copy; 1 copy, $1.25/ 6 months, $2.50/ year; 3 copies, $6.50; 5 copies, $10; $2 for each additional subscription
• In 1870 and 1872, like Our Young Folks' Illustrated Paper, Leslie's featured "Distinguished Scholars of our Schools": an engraved portrait of a high school student with a biography. Thus, Leslie's boasted, it was "the only [paper] that shows any active interest in what our young folk are doing." [8 (10 Sept 1870): 335]
• 1877, with an 8-page supplement containing an extra story

relevant quotes:
• Introduction: "[The magazine] will be published in the form of a handsome paper of eight pages, of three columns each. It will be adapted to the tastes and capacities of boys and girls; but will, nevertheless, contain, as an important feature, a page for children of tender years.... Every number will have five or more illustrations, besides comic and minor engraving." [1 (13 Oct 1866): 8; in Kelly; p. 161-162]

• On the end of the magazine: "Mrs. Frank Leslie announces that, owing to the constant growth of her principal weekly and monthly publications, and the demands they make upon the resources of her establishment, she has disposed of the Boys' and Girls' Weekly to the Franklin Company of New York, under whose management the next issue will appear." [36 (9 Feb 1884): 46; in Lyon; p. 306] However, the Franklin Company didn't carry on the magazine.

source of information: advertisement. Frank Leslie's Pleasant Hours. 2 (May 1867): back cover; 1870 issue; 1872 issue; Lyon; Maxwell; Kelly

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 302-307.
• J. P. Guinon and Ralph Adimari. Bibliographic Listing of Frank Leslie's Boys' and Girls' Weekly. Fall River, MA: Edward T. LeBlanc, 1962.
• Checklist of Children's Books, 1837-1876, comp. Barbara Maxwell. Philadelphia, PA: Special Collections, Central Children's Department, Free Library of Philadelphia, 1975.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; p. 147.

Demorest's Young America ; Nov 1866-1875

cover/masthead: early 1867 | June 1867 | late 1867-1868 | 1869 | 1870 | 1871-1872

edited by: William J. Demorest

published: New York, NY: W. Jennings Demorest, Nov 1866-1875; publisher at 473 Broadway, in 1867; publisher at 838 Broadway, in 1870-1872

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1867: 32 pp.; duodecimo; page size untrimmed, 6" h x 4 5/8" w; prices: 15¢/ issue; 1 copy, $1.50/ year; 5 copies, $1/ year
• Nov 1868-Dec 1870: 40 pp; page size, 7.25" h x 5.5" w; price, $1.50/ year
• Jan 1871-1872: 32 pp.; page size, 8.5" h x 5.5" w. Prices: 10¢/ issue; $1/ year

• Nov 1866-Oct 1868 issues have no year on the covers, though all have a copyright date of 1866 on the inside front cover. Issues for vol 1 (Nov 1866-Oct 1867) tend to have only the relevant month on the front cover; issues for vol 2 (Nov 1867-Oct 1868) have volume and issue numbers on the front.

• Vol 1-3 (Nov 1866-Oct 1869); vol 4 (Nov 1869-Dec 1870); vol 5-9 (Jan 1871-Dec 1875)

• A small version was available as a premium: "A pet item was the Miniature Magazine, a tiny handful which sold for 5 cents and was a reproduction of the large one." (Ross; p. 146)

relevant quotes:
• Enlarging the magazine in Nov 1868 began in July: "A Great Secret!--If our Young Americans will come up close, so no others can hear, we will tell them a great secret, and one they will be very much pleased to know. It is--now don't tell anybody--it is this: that next year, commencing [p. 477] with the November number, we are going to enlarge the Magazine to DOUBLE its present size. Won't that be great? Bigger pictures, bigger stories, bigger thing altogether. We guess so. Won't the children be sorry that don't take it--that's all!" [2 (July 1868): 476-477]

• In Aug 1868, the enlargement inspired a hint to subscribers: "In the last number of Young America, we hinted at prospective enlargement with the commencement of a new volume. This improvement has been decided upon, notwithstanding the increased expense, and have, therefore, the pleasure of announcing to our young friends that it will positively take place upon the first of November, 1868.... This enlargement, consequent upon the prosperous state of the little Magazine, and the great encouragement it has received, will enable us to improve it in various other ways--in its pictures, puzzles, illustrated stories, in using larger, plainer type, rendering it altogether a handsomer and more important periodical. But while we are doing this at great cost to ourselves, we hope our little friends will appreciate our efforts, and assist us, by enlarging, as much as possible, the circulation of the Magazine." [2 (Aug 1868): 543]

• Sept 1868 promised that the new size would "enable us to give finer pictures, clearer type, and a higher class of stories, than many of those we have been obliged to condense for so small a volume." [2 (Sept 1868): 604]

• On the enlarged magazine, 1868: "With this number [Nov 1868] we commence a new and enlarged series of Young America, which we hope will prove attractive to our large and increasing class of youthful readers. The trouble of changing the form, preparing a new cover, etc., in the midst of the pressure of other business, renders this number less striking in its other features than future numbers will be." [3 (Nov 1868): 35]

• On the enlarged magazine, 1871: "This number [Jan 1871] of Young America will present itself to our young friends in its enlarged form--a change and mark of growth, which, we hope, they will appreciate and rejoice in. This will enable us to give larger pictures, finer stories, and make many other improvements that will undoubtedly please our readers, and swell our list of subscribers to twice its present proportions, though it is even now by no means inconsiderable." [5 (Jan 1871): 36]

• On merging with Demorest's Illustrated Magazine, 1875: "Juvenile magazines do not pay. Boys and girls naturally want them bright, and handsome, and interesting, but parents are not willing to pay the cost of them; therefore, there is no profit on the circulation, and as they do not attract advertising patronage, the larger the circulation the greater the loss. ... [The magazine] might still have lived and grown, but for another fact in connection with juvenile periodicals; it is this--that they require constantly to find a new audience to take the place of the one which is outgrowing them, and this involves an expenditure of time, and strength, and enterprise which the net result does not warrant, and which can be put to much more profitable use." [9 (Sept 1875): 277; in Lyon, p. 290] Ross includes a quote in which the Demorests mourn that the magazine failed because young readers were too adult: "They are young men and young women by the time they leave the nursery, and want grown papers, and grown books, and grown magazines.... They imbibe a taste for the horrible, the exaggerated, and marvelous, which is catered to by unscrupulous persons, and which makes all else seem insipid and namby-pamby to them." (in Ross; p. 147)

continued by: "Young America" column in Demorest's Monthly Magazine

source of information: 1866-1872, scattered issues and bound volumes; Lyon; AAS catalog; Kelly; Ross

bibliography: Frank Luther Mott. A History of American Magazines: vol 3, 1865-1885. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1938. pp. 175-176.
• Eleanor Weakley Nolen. "Nineteenth Century Children's Magazines." The Horn Book Magazine. 15 (January/February 1939): 55-60.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 286-290.
• Ishbel Ross. Crusades & Crinolines. NY: Harper & Row, 1963; pp. 145-147
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; pp. 147-148.

The Busy Bee ; 10 Nov 1866, Jan 1867-after Feb 1874

cover/masthead: 1866 | Jan-Oct 1867 | Dec 1867-1868, 1874

published: Germantown, Philadelphia, PA: Orphans' Home, for the Lutheran Association for the Publication of Religious Periodicals, 1867; publisher at the Orphans' Home, Germantown, PA.
• Philadelphia, PA: the Lutheran Association for the Publication of Religious Periodicals, 1868; publisher at 807 Vine St.; 1874, publisher at 117 N. 6th St.

frequency: monthly

description: 4 pp.; page size, 14.25" h x 10" w
• 1867: prices, 1 copy, 25¢/ year; 25 copies, $5.75/ year; 50 copies, $10/ year; 100 copies, $15/ year
• 1868: prices, 1 copy, 40¢/ year; 10 copies, $2.50/ year; 25 copies, $6/ year; 50 copies, $10/ year; 75 copies, $13/ year; 100 copies, $15/ year
• 1873-1874: prices were "reduced": 1 copy, 40¢/ year; 4 copies, each 25¢/ year; 4-25 copies, each 22¢/ year; 26-50 copies, each 20¢/ year; 51-70 copies, each 18¢/ year; 71-90 copies, each 16¢/ year; 91-100 copies, each 15¢/ year; 101-300 copies, 14¢/ year; 301+ copies, each 12¢/ year

relevant information: Issues for 1866 and 1867 were printed at the Orphans' Home: " [T]he Orphans' Home, at Germantown, contemplates publishing a monthly paper, called 'THE BUSY BEE.' The profits derived from this enterprise will be devoted to the 'Home.'" [10 Nov 1866: 1] The July 1867 issue, however, made clear that the Home was in financial trouble: "This time I must tell you, that we are in great distress. It oftimes seems to me, that there was never such a dark hour upon us, as it is just now. Our income for the last three months has been very small, and our expenses very heavy." [1 (July 1867, p. 3] The next issue included a new address for correspondence; by Dec 1867, the Orphan's Home was no longer listed in the masthead.

• The Orphans' Home also did commercial printing: "JOB PRINTING OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS [i]s executed at the Orphans' Home Printing Office, and orders from our friends will be delivered, in any part of Philadelphia by the hand of one of our boys, or elsewhere by mail or express, without charge." [1 (July 1867): 4]

• The issue for 10 Nov 1866 was a sample issue; the Jan 1867 issue was vol 1 #1.

relevant quote: A rebus in the sample issue asked for subscriptions and explained how the paper was put together: "The Busy [bee] where is it printed? It is printed in Philadelphia, at Leisenring's Steam Printing House, Nos. 237 and 239 Dock Street, where excellent and cheap printing can be done. But if we are compelled to print it outside our own hive, the wings of our little Bee would soon be laden with debts, and the poor little thing would fall in the water and be drowned. ... We will get all that belongs to a small printing oestablishment, with the exception of a [printer]. Our oldest boy understands type-setting. He will set the type--the form will be prepared here, and we will send it to the city to be printed. It will please you to know, that the paper you get comes from an Orphans' Home, and that the type is set by orphan boys, and that the girls have folded the papers and prepared them to be sent to you. But you will say, this is not what it ought to be; you must have a [steam press] ... There are over thirty thousand children who will receive this paper. If each of you will give but five cents ..., we will get one hundred and fifty thousand cents. For this money we can buy as much type as it will take to print "The Busy Bee," and something will be left to buy a job press, by which we could earn a great deal of money. A few days ago I received $100 for that purpose." [10 Nov 1866: 4]

source of information: 1866-1868, 1874, scattered bound issues; AAS catalog

Die Christliche Kinderzeitung (Christian children's newspaper); 1867-1885?

edited by: Karl Kissling

published: St. Louis, MO: A. Wiebusch & Son Printing Co.

frequency: semimonthly

description: Organ of German Evangelical Synod of North America
• German-language periodical

source of information: Arndt; Fraser

bibliography: Karl J. R. Arndt & May E. Olson. German-American Newspapers and Periodicals: 1732-1955. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer Publishers, 1961.
• Sybille Fraser. "German Language Children's and Youth Periodicals in North America: A Checklist." Phaedrus 6 (Spring 1979): 27-31.

Young Americans ; 1867-1904

published: Albany, NY

source of information: Kelly

bibliography: Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

The Children's Hour ; Jan 1867-June 1874

cover/masthead: 1867-1870

edited by: Timothy Shay Arthur

published: Philadelphia, PA: T. S. Arthur & Son, Jan 1867-June 1874; publisher at 809 & 811 Chestnut St., 1867, Feb 1869-1870

frequency: monthly; 2 vol/ year

description: Jan 1867-1870, 32 pp.; page size untrimmed, 7.75" h x 6" w. Prices: 1 copy, $1.25/ year; 15¢/ issue; 5 copies, $5/ year; 10 copies, $10/ year
• 1871, 40 pp.

relevant quotes: On the title: "We are indebted to Mr. Longfellow for the beautiful title of our magazine. It was suggested by his exquisite poem, "The Children's Hour," one of the sweetest in our language, and its quotation here is a fitting introduction to our new periodical, which is to be specially for the children." ["The Title of Our Magazine." 1 (Jan 1867): inside front cover; cover p. 2]

• The magazine's focus was made clear in its advertisements: "Our new Magazine will come as a pleasant companion, friend and counsellor of the little ones; and as a helper in the work of storing up things good and true, and beautiful in their minds, through a healthy culture of the imagination and an attractive illustration of those precepts that lie at the foundation of all right living. It will aim to inspire children with reverence for God and a sense of His loving and fatherly care; and to lead them to unselfish actions--to be gentle, forbearing, merciful, just, pure, brave, and peaceable." [1 (Jan 1867): inside back cover; cover p. 3]

• The issues for Jan and Feb 1867 were made available early: "The first number of our magazine was issued in advance of the date, so as to get it well before the public in time for the subscribing season. This number also anticipates the regular date, though not so much as the first, in order that our little friends, (we number them already by thousands) may not be kept waiting too long for a second visit from the "Children's Hour." ["Our Second Number." 1 (Feb 1867): inside front cover; cover p. 2]

• Writers were to take their audience seriously: "Bear in mind, that the CHILDREN'S HOUR is for the "Little Ones," and in writing for them, avoid as far as possible, the use of very long words, and of those not in common use, and especially avoid idioms and slang phrases. The thought need not be puerile, nor the language 'babyish.' Children understand higher things than many grown people imagine; but then, you must reach their understandings through words with which they are familiar. If they do not know the exact meaning of the language used, you will fail in your attempt to interest and instruct them. Write with care; with just as much care in the composition of your sentences, as if you were writing with a view to literary criticism. There is an appearance of haste, and a slovenliness, about a great deal of the manuscript we receive, as if the writers thought that anything would do for children. ... As you write, bring before you, in imagination, a group of children, and try to feel for them an interest that goes beyond their mere entertainment for the hour. Write as cheerfully, lovingly, and tenderly as you please. Make them as happy as you can; keep their sky as free from clouds and rain as you can; only, leave them with an influence for good. Teach them something that, if kept in mind, will help them to become better men and women." ["To Correspondents." 1 (April 1867): inside front cover; cover p. 2]

relevant information: In 1867, some stories from the Children's Hour were reprinted separately: "We have made a selection of some of the choice little stories in the "Children's Hour," and put them up in eight small books, each with a handsome illuminated cover"; titles: The Moth and the Candle; Willy's Journey to Heaven; and Reading the Bible, The Motherless Boy, The Sick Child; and Who Took him on the Other Side, The Child Witness, The Sunny Maple, Into the Sunshine; and Afraid in the Dark, and A Little Gentleman. [2 (June 1867): inside front cover; cover p. 2]

absorbed by: St. Nicholas Magazine ; Nov 1873-Feb 1940, 1943

source of information: Jan 1867-Dec 1870, scattered issues; 1868 bound volume; Lyon; AAS catalog; Kelly

bibliography: Notice. The Children's Friend (West Chester, PA) 3 (Eleventh month 1868): 356. online
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 296-298.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

The Little Chief ; Jan 1867-Feb 1872

cover/masthead: 1871

edited by: Jan 1867-?, W. W. Dowling • 1868?-1871, A. C. Shortridge • 1870, "Laura Spring" • 1871, W. J. Button

published: Indianapolis, IN: Dowling & Shortridge, 1867-1868.
• Indianapolis, IN: Shortridge & Alden, Feb-June 1869.
• Indianapolis, IN: A. C. Shortridge, July 1869-June 1870.
• Indianapolis, IN: Shortridge & Button, July 1870-May 1871.
• Indianapolis, IN: Shortridge, Button & Hanley, June-July 1871.
• Indianapolis, IN: Button & Hanley, Aug-Oct 1871.
• Indianapolis, IN: Button & Hobbs, Jan-Feb 1872.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol per year

description: 1871: 32 pp.; page size, 10" h x 7" w; price, 75¢/ year

source of information: Feb 1871 issue; The Bright Side; Lyon; AAS catalog; NUC

bibliography: Advertisement. The Bright Side. 2 (March 1870): 14.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 244-245.

The Nursery ; Jan 1867-Oct 1880

cover/masthead: 1868 | 1870-1875

edited by: Fanny P. Seavers, 1867-1868

published: Boston, MA: John L. Shorey, Jan 1867-Oct 1880; publisher at 13 Washington St., Jan 1867-Dec 1869; publisher at 36 Bromfield St., Dec 1870-1872.

frequency: monthly; 2 vol/ year

description: 32 pp.; page size untrimmed, 8.5" h x 6" w; duodecimo; price, $1.50/ year; 15¢/ issue

• Intended for "youngest readers," the magazine featured tiny stories in large type; some included pronunciation guides. Each page had at least one illustration.

• Copyrighted by Fanny P. Seavers, 1867; copyrighted by John L. Shorey, 1869, 1872

continued by: Our Little Ones and the Nursery ; Nov 1880-April 1899

source of information: 1867-1869, 1871-1872 scattered issues and bound volumes; Lyon; Kelly

available: microfilm: Nineteenth-century children's periodicals. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1979.

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 352-355.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

The Riverside Magazine for Young People ; Jan 1867-Dec 1870

cover/masthead: 1867-1869

edited by: Horace Elisha Scudder

published: New York, NY: Hurd & Houghton, Jan 1867-Dec 1870.

frequency: monthly; 2 vol/ year

description: 48 pp.; large octavo; page size, 9.5" h x 6.5" w; prices: 25¢/ each; 1 copy, $2.50/ year; 3 copies, $6.50; 5 copies, $10; 10 copies, $20; 20 copies, $35; clergymen & teachers, $2/ year

• A copy of the Jan 1867 issue was sent in Nov 1867 to each subscriber to The Evening Post who received the paper by mail; the issue included a prospectus for the 1868 Riverside.

relevant quote: Conclusion: "I hope the children who have read the 'Riverside' for four years are as sorry to have it come to an end as I am. But it is a great deal better to have a good thing and enjoy it, than to be missing things and grieving over not having them. You have had the 'Riverside' for four years, and I believe you have enjoyed it, for I have not yet seen the boy or girl who 'hates that old Magazine.' I have seen a great many who like it thoroughly, and many pleasant letters from old and young make me believe it, whether I want to or not, and I want to. Now you will never have a fifth volume of the 'Riverside,' so enjoy the four! And I have had four or five years of pleasure, editing this Magazine. Nobody can take those away from me. I have made friends by it that I hope never to lose. I do not expect to edit any more magazines for young people, but I mean to enjoy the recollection of the days when I edited the 'Riverside,' and had the pleasure every month of seeing its bright cover flying away, with its treasure of story and verse and picture, to gladden the eyes of children whom I never should see. If the Editor of 'Scribner's Monthly' and my grown up family are as good friends as we have been, nobody could ask more." ["Good-by." 4 (Dec 1870): 575]

merged with: Scribner's Monthly (for adults)

source of information: 1867-1870 bound vols & scattered issues; Lyon; Kelly

available: APS III (1850-1900), reel 52

bibliography: Eleanor Weakley Nolen. "Nineteenth Century Children's Magazines." The Horn Book Magazine. 15 (January/February 1939): 55-60.
• Mabel F. Altstetter. "Early American Magazines for Children." Peabody Journal of Education 19 (Nov 1941); p. 133.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 199-301.
• Ellen B. Ballou, "Horace Elisha Scudder and the Riverside Magazine." Harvard Library Bulletin, 14 (Autumn 1960): 426-452.
• R. Gordon Kelly. Mother was a Lady. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; pp. 148-150.

Southern Boys' and Girls' Monthly ; Jan 1867-July 1868

edited by: Ebenezer Thompson Baird; William Logan Baird, 1867-1868

published: Richmond, VA: White & Howard, Jan-March 1867.
• Richmond, VA: Messrs. Baird & J. W. Turner, April-Sept 1867.
• Richmond, VA: Messrs. Baird, Oct-Dec 1867.
• Richmond, VA: Baird & Brother, Jan-July 1868.
• Baltimore, MD: Baird & Brother, Jan-July 1868.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 32 pp.; octavo; price, $1.50/ year

absorbed by: Burke's Weekly for Boys and Girls • Burke's Magazine for Boys and Girls ; 6 July 1867-Dec 1871

relevant quote: The merging of the Monthly with Burke's was announced in Burke's via a note dated 23 July 1868: "The undersigned [E. T. Baird] announces to the former friends and patrons of this Monthly, that he has this day agreed on terms with Messrs. J. W. Burke Co. for merging it into Burke's Weekly for Boys and Girls. ... We shall not detain our young friends by any extended remarks assigning reasons for this arrangement. A word is sufficient. The whole responsibility for the Monthly has rested on [E. T. Baird], who was its founder, senior editor, and sole proprietor, and he has utterly failed to find the time to give to the enterprise which he felt due to his readers, his correspondents, and himself. The distance at which the junior editor, Prof. Wm. Logan Baird, resided, rendered it impossible for him to extend the aid which was requisite to relieve this weight of responsibility. Hence, what [E. T. Baird] hoped would become a coveted means of recreation from heavy official cares, he has found, in the midst of the pressure of labor resting on him, to be an incumbrance." ["A Card: To the Subscribers of the Southern Boys' and Girls' Monthly." Burke's Weekly for Boys and Girls 2 (15 Aug 1868): 52]

source of information: Burke's; Kelly; OCLC

bibliography: "A Card: To the Subscribers of the Southern Boys' and Girls' Monthly." Burke's Weekly for Boys and Girls 2 (15 Aug 1868): 52.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 144.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; p. 148.

Oliver Optic's Magazine: Our Boys and Girls ; 5 Jan 1867-Dec 1873 • Oliver Optic's Magazine ; Jan 1874-Dec 1875

cover/masthead: 1867 | 1871

edited by: William T. Adams ("Oliver Optic")

published: Boston: Lee & Shepard, 1 Nov 1867-1875; publisher at 149 Washington St.

frequency: 5 Jan 1867-1870, weekly; 2 vol/ year
• 1871-Dec 1875, monthly

description: 5 Jan-June 1867: 12 pp.; octavo; page size untrimmed, 10" h x 6.75" w; price, $2.25/ year
• July 1867-Dec 1870: 16 pp.; price, $2.50/ year; $1.25/ volume
• Jan 1871-1875, 64 pp.; page size untrimmed, 10" h x 7" w. 1871: price, 25¢/ issue; $2.50/ year
• Circulation (from magazine): 1869, 100,000; 1875, 11,000

relevant quotes: "For several years we have believed that the Young People of the United States wanted and needed a magazine which should visit them every week, instead of every month. We know what pleasure the older members of the family derive from the weekly coming of the religious, agricultural, and literary papers, and we are confident that the younger branches will experience a similar satisfaction in the frequent appearance of a publication adapted to their wants and their tastes. ... We intend to furnish a magazine which shall interest and amuse Our Boys and Girls, while it makes them wiser and better. ..." ["Salutatory." 1 (5 Jan 1867): 7.]

source of information: 1868-1870 bound vols & scattered issues; Lyon; Maxwell; Kelly

available: APS II (1850-1900), reels 1850-1900

bibliography: Harriet L. Matthews. "Children's Magazines." Bulletin of Bibliography. 1 (April 1899): 133-6.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 291-295.
• Checklist of Children's Books, 1837-1876, comp. Barbara Maxwell. Philadelphia, PA: Special Collections, Central Children's Department, Free Library of Philadelphia, 1975.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; p. 146.

The School and Fireside ; 11 Jan-after 10 May 1867

edited by: George A. Chase

published: Louisville, KY: Bradley & Gilbert.

frequency: semimonthly, except July & Aug

description: Page size, 12.5" h

source of information: OCLC

The Young Catholic's Guide ; May 1867-April 1870

published: Chicago, IL: John Graham.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: Page size, 8.5" h

source of information: OCLC; NUC

Burke's Weekly for Boys and Girls ; 6 July 1867-10 Dec 1870 • Burke's Magazine for Boys and Girls ; Jan-Dec 1871

cover/masthead: 1868

edited by: T. A. Burke

published: Macon, GA: J. W. Burke, 6 July 1867-Dec 1871.

frequency: weekly, 6 July 1867-10 Dec 1870; 1 vol/ year
• monthly, 1871

description: 6 July 1867-10 Dec 1870: 8 pp.; quarto; page size untrimmed, 13" h x 10" w. Price: 1 copy, 5¢/ each; 50¢/ three months; $1/ six months; $2/ year; 10 copies, $15/ year; 20 copies, $30/ year
• Jan-Dec 1871: 48 pp.; page size, 9.5" h

absorbed: Southern Boys' and Girls' Monthly ; Jan 1867-July 1868

source of information: Aug 1868 issue; Lyon

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 244.
• Gillian Avery. Behold the Child: American Children and Their Books, 1621-1922. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994; p. 148.

The Sunday School Messenger ; 1868-after June 1875

published: Chicago, IL: Holy Family Sunday School Association.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1871: page size, 7.5" h
• June 1875 is vol 8 #6
• Catholic focus

source of information: AAS catalog; ULS; OCLC

Young People's Magazine ; 1868-1887

edited by: P. W. Ziegler

published: Philadelphia, PA

source of information: Lyon

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 245.

The Little Gleaner ; 1868-1869?

edited by: Olive O. Lee

published: Fredericksburg, VA

frequency: monthly?; 1 vol/ year

description: Page size, 9" h • Lyon (and Frank Luther Mott) say that the magazine began in 1867

source of information: OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 244.

The Guiding Star: A Sunday Paper for Boys and Girls ; 4 July 1868-1873

edited by: Caroline A. Soule

published: New York, NY: Caroline A. Soule.

frequency: semimonthly

description: Page size, 16.5" h
• Prices: 1 copy, 75¢/ year; 10 copies or more, 50¢/ year, each
• Universalist focus

source of information: Student and Schoolmate; OCLC

bibliography: Advertisement. The Student and Schoolmate. 23 (April 1869): inside front cover.

Little Messenger ; July 1868-1 Aug 1873

cover/masthead: 1869

edited by: Aug 1872-Aug 1873, W. H. Hinkley

published: Philadelphia, PA: General Convention of the New Jerusalem in the United States of America; 1869, publisher at 537 North 22nd St.

frequency: 1 vol/ year • OCLC: monthly; NUC: semimonthly; Nov 1869, semimonthly

description: 1869: 4 pp; page size, 12.75" h x 9.25" w

source of information: 15 Nov 1869 issue; OCLC; NUC

Boys' and Girls' New Monthly Magazine ; July 1868-

published: Nyack, NY: W. B. Corning, jr.

description: octavo • Aug 1868 is vol 1 #2

source of information: Lyon; NUC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 245.

Good Words for the Young ; Nov 1868-Oct 1872

edited by: Norman Macleod, 1868-1869
• George MacDonald, 1869-1872

published: Philadelphia, PA: J. P. Lippincott & Co.
• Also published in London, England

frequency: monthly

continued by: Good Things for the Young of All Ages

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

The Young Folks' News ; 16 Dec 1868-1873?

edited by: Alfred Martien

published: Philadelphia, PA: Alfred Martien; publisher at 21 South Seventh St., 1869.

frequency: weekly

description: Page size, 17.25" h • Newspaper format
1869: prices: $1/ year; 50¢/ 9 months
• 23 Dec 1868 is vol 1 #2

relevant quote: "The first number of this new Weekly for the Young Folks was issued in December last. ... [I]ts circulation now ranks with that of our most popular Juvenile Periodicals." [advertisement. Our Schoolday Visitor 13 (Aug 1869): advertising section]

source of information: Our Schoolday Visitor, 1869; NUC; OCLC

Golden Hours ; Jan 1869-1880

cover/masthead: 1869-1871

edited by: 1869-1871, I. W. Wiley; S. W. Williams, assistant editor
• 1872-1874, Erastus Wentworth; S. W. Williams, assistant editor
• 1875-1876, Erastus Wentworth; S. W. Williams; H. V. Osborne
• 1876-1880, Daniel Curry; H. V. Osborne

published: Cincinnati, OH: Hitchcock & Walden. Chicago, IL: Hitchcock & Walden. St. Louis, MO: Hitchcock & Walden.
• New York, NY: Carlton & Lanahan.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1869: 48 pp.; large octavo; page size untrimmed, 9" h x 6.5" w; price, $2/ year
• 1871: 54 pp.; page size untrimmed, 9" h x 6.5" w; price, $2/ year
• 1872: 52 pp.; large octavo; $2/ year
• Methodist focus

relevant quote: The first year, the editor established the magazine's personality: "We now close the first volume of the Golden Hours. We look back over the year's labor and anxiety, and glance through the successive numbers, and feel like congratulating ourselves and our readers over what has certainly been quite a successful year; at least many of our friends and readers tell us so. We had many things to study and to experiment with in getting our little magazine fairly launched in the world. ... We think our young friends have been able to see that, as we went along, we were gradually settling into a magazine of general interest, treating of a great variety of sujbects, and adapted to boys and girls ranging from about ten to fifteen years of age. Every number has contained something for all ages between these extremes, and even something to be read by the older brothers and sisters to the 'wee ones.' We have given you a large variety, history, science, natural history, tales, poetry, selections from English magazines, and translations from German magazines." [1 (Dec 1869): 575]

source of information: Dec 1869, Jan-Dec 1871 issues; Maxwell; Kelly

bibliography: Checklist of Children's Books, 1837-1876, comp. Barbara Maxwell. Philadelphia, PA: Special Collections, Central Children's Department, Free Library of Philadelphia, 1975.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

The Little Folks ; 1869-1877

published: Chicago, IL: Adams, Blackmer & Lyon Publishing Co.

frequency: monthly, for weekly distribution

description: Page size, 9.25" h

source of information: Lyon; AAS catalog; OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 255-256.

Scattered Seeds ; Fifth month (May) 1869-1935

cover/masthead: 1871 | 1872

edited by: 1871-1872, L. H. Hall?; at Box 681, West Chester, PA

published: West Chester, PA: First Day School Association of Philadelphia.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1871: 4 pp.; quarto; page size untrimmed, 12" h x 9" w; price, 1 copy, 50¢/ year; 10 copies, each 40¢/ year; 20+ copies, each 30¢/ year
• 1872: 16 pp.; page size untrimmed, 8.25" h x 6.5" w; price, 1 copy, 50¢/ year; 10 copies, $4/ year; 20 copies, $7/ year

• Quaker focus

relevant quote: On the new page size, 1872: "We hope our readers will like our new garb. It will certainly be more convenient, and will be in better shape for binding. We intend to present the usual variety of good reading matter, and good illustrations. Some of our patrons are still desirous that we should publish Scattered Seeds weekly or semi-monthly. We must still answer, we would be glad to do so, but cannot while our present issue does not sustain itself. Aid us all you can friends by sending in clubs, single names and contributions for the cause." ["Our New Volume." 4 (Fifth month, 1872): 15-16]

source of information: 1871-1872, scattered issues; OCLC

Zion's Hope ; 1 July 1869-1972

edited by: 1900, Mrs. M. Walker • 1917, Ethel I. Skank

published: Lamoni, IA: Herald Publishing House.

frequency: weekly

description: page size, 7" h x 5" w • for young children
• The Hope was enlarged in 1886: "Zion's Hope for November 29[, 1886] came out in an enlarged form and illustrated, making it more attractive." [History; vol 4, p. 668]
• vol. 49 #33 is 13 Aug 1917
• denominational focus is of Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

relevant quote: The Saints' Herald, the denominational paper, announced the founding of Zion's Hope in its 1 July 1869 issue; the 15 June 1869 issue explained more: "Every friend of progress in the church, every lover of the truth, every father, every mother, every brother, every sister, is materially affected by the teaching and training of the children of the household to which each separately belongs. A corner or column of the Herald is insufficient to meet the great want felt in this direction, and to give success to any new enterprise engaged in by us as a people, it is requisite that the object for which we especially strive in that enterprise be worthy and the effort persistent." [in History; vol 3, p. 528]

source of information: Bauer; History; OCLC

bibliography: The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Independence, MO: Herald, House, 1967; vol 3, 4, & 7.
• Carolyn J. Bauer and Sharon P. Muir. "Visions, Saints and Zion: Children's Literature of the Mormon Movement." Phaedrus 7 (Spring/Summer 1980): 30-38.

Onward ; Jan-June 1869 • Mayne Reid's Magazine Onward ; July 1869-Feb 1870

edited by: Thomas Mayne Reid; Charles Ollivant, assistant editor

published: New York, NY: G. W. Carleton, Jan-June 1869; publisher at 119 Nassau St.
• New York, NY: Mayne Reid, July 1869-Feb 1870.

frequency: monthly; 2 vol/ year

description: Jan-June 1869: Jan, 86 pp.; Feb, 94 pp.; March, 86 pp.; April-May, 90 pp.; June, 92 pp. Page size, 8.5" h x 5.25" w

• Stories, poems, and serialized novels apparently for teenagers

source of information: Jan-June 1869 bound vol; Lyon; Kelly; OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 261.
• Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

The Bright Side ; July 1869-after 12 Aug 1871 • The Bright Side and Family Circle ; -after 29 June 1873

cover/masthead: 1870 | 1871

published: Chicago, IL: John B. Alden & Co.; printed by Church, Goodman & Donnelley? (printers at 108 & 110 Dearborn St), July 1869-1870?
• Chicago, IL: Bright Side Co., 9 Feb 1871-1873?; at 154 Washington St., 1871

frequency: 1869-early 1870: monthly
• late 1870: also available in weekly or semimonthly editions
• 1871: available in weekly or semimonthly editions

description: March 1870: 16 pp. (includes 3 pages of advertising); page size, 13" h x 9.5" w
• 12 Aug 1871: 8 pp.; quarto; page size untrimmed, 12.5" h x 9.5" w • 1873, 11.75" h

• Prices: early 1870: monthly, 50¢/ year; single copy, 5¢. late 1870: monthly, 25¢/ year; semimonthly, 50¢/ year; weekly, $1/ year. 1871: weekly, 1 copy, 3¢ $1/ year; semimonthly, 25¢/ year

• March 1870 is vol 2 #3 (whole number 9) • AAS copies: vol 1 #1 (July 1869)-vol 3 #55 (6 April 1871); vol 3 #58 (27 April 1871); 29 June 1873 issue of Bright Side and Family Circle is vol 5 #26 (whole #119), which makes it appear that this title is an extension of The Bright Side

• Feb 1870: 20,000 copies printed

• Beginning with the March 1870 issue, the periodical was electrotyped, "so we can print as they are wanted." [2 (March 1870: 16]

• The masthead changed on 9 Feb 1871: "Something new in our head--paper's head, we mean--this week. We hope it is but a symbol of what occurs to our individual heads every day! Those neat, vine-bordered ovals, we intend shall be pretty enough and good enough to notice every week." [3 (9 Feb 1871): 6]

relevant quote: "Unexcelled in beauty. The cheapest paper in the world. Vigorous and lively. Thoroughly Christian. ... The largest circulation of any children's paper or magazine in the world, considering the length of time published." [The Children's Hour (Oct 1870): inside back cover]

source of information: March 1870, 9 Feb 1871, 12 Aug 1871 issues; Children's Hour; Golden Hours; AAS catalog

bibliography: Advertisement. The Children's Hour (Oct 1870): inside back cover.
• Advertisement. Golden Hours, 3 (June 1871): p. 2, advertising section.

Sunday School Companion ; Jan 1869-1904

published: Chicago, IL: Holy Family Sunday School Association.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 10.25" h • Catholic focus

source of information: OCLC; ULS

The Young Crusader (also Young Crusader) ; Jan 1869-Oct 1875?

published: Boston, MA
• Bound volumes: Boston, MA: Kivlan & Cashman, 1869-1872. Boston, MA: the Young Crusader Office, 1874. Boston, MA: J. Cashman, 1876.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 9.75" h

source of information: NUC; OCLC

The Young American ; April-Dec 1869

edited by: J. E. Baker; F. W. Breed, jr; W. H. Marvin; W. P. Dean; Porter Norton

published: Buffalo, NY: Young American.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 11.75" h • Perhaps an amateur publication

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC; NUC

Der Jugend-Pilger (Youth pilgrim); 1870-1914?

edited by: 1870-1895, Wilhelm Mittendorf • Arndt lists later editors

published: Dayton, OH: Publishing House of the United Brethren in Christ Church, 1870-1914.

frequency: 1870-1874, monthly; 1874-1914, semimonthly

description: Organ of United Brethren in Christ Church
• German-language periodical

source of information: Arndt; Fraser

bibliography: Karl J. R. Arndt & May E. Olson. German-American Newspapers and Periodicals: 1732-1955. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer Publishers, 1961.
• Sybille Fraser. "German Language Children's and Youth Periodicals in North America: A Checklist." Phaedrus 6 (Spring 1979): 27-31.

The Infants' Delight (also Infants' Delight) ; 1870-after Jan 1872

published: Boston, MA: Lee & Shepard.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: Page size, 8.25" h • Intended for small children: large font size

source of information: Lyon; OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 256.

The Pacific Youth ; 1870-

edited by: Collins Brothers, 1871

published: San Francisco, CA: W. C. Forde & Co.
• San Francisco, CA: Collins Bros., 1871.

frequency: weekly

description: Page size, 13" h
• 15 June 1871 is new series vol 1 #22

source of information: OCLC

Pictures and Stories ; 1870-

published: Nashville, TN

source of information: Kelly

bibliography: Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

Young Folks' Monthly ; 1870-1883

published: Chicago, IL: H. N. F. Lewis.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 15.25" h

source of information: Lyon; OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 252.

Young Folks' Rural ; 1870-1881

edited by: H. N. F. Lewis

published: Chicago, IL: H. N. F. Lewis, 1872.
• Chicago, IL: J. D. Tallmadge & E. B. Tallmadge, 1881.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 17.75" h • Sept 1872 is vol 3 #1 (whole #22)

source of information: Lyon; AAS

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 252.

The Young Sportsman ; 1870?-after April 1872

published: Portsmouth, NH: W. L. Terhune, Frank L. Howard, Reed Campbell.

frequency: monthly?

description: Amateur publication • Newspaper format
• April 1872 is vol 3 #3, old series

source of information: OCLC

The Young Sportsman ; Jan 1870-?

edited by: Edwin Farwell

published: Boston, MA

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 11.75" h

source of information: AAS catalog

The Little Corporal's School Festival ; Jan-July 1870 • The School Festival (also National School Festival) ; Aug 1870-1874

edited by: April 1871-March 1873, Alfred L. Sewell; Mary B. C. Slade
• April 1873-, T. A. Hutchins; Mary B. C. Slade

published: Chicago, IL: Sewell & Miller, Jan 1870-Jan 1871.
• Chicago, IL: Alfred L. Sewell & Co., 1871-1872.
• East Boston, MA: n. p., April 1873-?

frequency: quarterly

description: 40 pp.?; page size, 7.75" h; price: 1 copy, 15¢ 50¢/ year

relevant quotes:
• Announcement: "This beautiful magazine, devoted entirely to School Exhibitions, Dialogues, Tableaux, Recitations, etc., is ready for January. All are delighted with it. It is just what is needed by every teacher and every scholar." (Little Corporal)

• Later advertisements described the contents more fully: "'THE SCHOOL FESTIVAL' is a beautiful original quarterly Magazine, devoted to new, sparkling Dialogues, Recitations, Concert, Motion, and other Exercises for Sunday School and Day School Exhibitions, Concerts, 'Public Days,' &c. ... Needed by all teachers and pupils." (Golden Hours)

source of information: Little Corporal; Golden Hours; AAS catalog; OCLC; NUC

bibliography: "The School Festival." The Little Corporal. 10 (10 (Jan 1870): 12.
• advertisement. Golden Hours, 3 (June 1871): p. 2, advertising section.

Work and Play ; Jan 1870-March 1872

edited by: Mrs. H. L. Bridgman

published: Boston, MA: Milton Bradley & Co.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 16 pp.; quarto; page size, 11.25" h

absorbed by: The Little Corporal ; July 1865-April 1875

relevant quote: The merger with the Corporal was announced in that magazine's April 1872 issue: "By an arrangement made with the publishers, Milton Bradley & Co., Springfield, Mass., the publication of [Work and Play] will hereafter be discontinued, and its subscribers will be supplied with the Little Corporal for the unexpired term of their subscription. ... Work and Play was established with the express purpose of 'increasing the interest in rational and instructive home amusements and occupations throughout the country.' The work accomplished and the reputation achieved by this magazine in the peculiar field to which it was devoted, has been very great, and much good has resulted. Considering the character and excellence of Work and Play, the Corporal thinks he has obtained a distinguished recruit--and he welcomes all the friends of that magazine to the ranks of his great army with the assurance that he will do everything in his power to make it profitable and pleasant to them. We are glad to announce in this connection that Uncle Raphael will continue his excellent articles on Drawing, which had become so popular in Work and Play. The first of these articles will appear in the next number of the Corporal. Now for a vigorous campaign!" [Corporal 14 (April 1872): 154] Beginning with the May 1872 issue, the puzzle column in the Corporal, which had been called "Private Queer's Knapsack," was retitled "Work and Play."

source of information: Little Corporal; OCLC; Lyon

bibliography: Editorial announcement. The Little Corporal, 14 (April 1872): 154.
• Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 308-312.

The Pious Youth ; Jan 1870-Dec 1871

edited by: H. R. Holsinger

published: Tyrone, PA: H. R. Holsinger.
• Dale City, PA: H. R. Holsinger, Oct-Nov 1871.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: 1870, page size, 10.5" h • 1871, page size, 8.5" h • Church of the Brethren focus

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

Our Leisure Moments ; Feb 1870-1900s

edited by: Albert C. Ives; Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh

published: Buffalo, NY

frequency: monthly

description: Octavo • Amateur publication

source of information: OCLC

American Boy's Magazine (also Philadelphia Monthly) ; June 1870-May 1872

published: Philadelphia, PA

frequency: monthly

description: Vol 1-2 #6 (1870-Feb 1872) as Philadelphia Monthly

source of information: NUC

The Young Catholic ; Oct 1870-

published: New York, NY: Catholic Publication Society.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 13.75" h

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

Our Little Friend ; about 1871

published: Mountain View, CA

source of information: Kelly

bibliography: Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

Apples of Gold ; 1871-1917

published: Boston, MA: Hurd & Houghton, for the American Tract Society.

frequency: weekly

source of information: OCLC

Every Boy's Magazine ; 1871-

edited by: William Rideing; 1871, 4 Province Court

published: Boston, MA

frequency: monthly

description: 1871 price, 50¢/ year

relevant quote: "The Cheapest Magazine in the Country." "As its name implies, EVERY BOY'S MAGAZINE is a periodical for youth of all ages, and it well fulfills the comprehensiveness of its title. In it boys will find all their diversified interests well attended to. Writers of the first rank contribute to its pages, and while it does not claim to be a religious paper, its purpose is to elevate, instruct, and make better." (advertisement, Little Chief, Feb 1871)

source of information: Little Chief; AAS catalog

bibliography: Advertisement. Little Chief. 5 (Feb 1871): inside back cover.

Der Kinder-Bote (Children's messenger); 1871-?

edited by: A. O. Brickmann

published: Philadelphia, PA

frequency: monthly

description: Sunday-school paper of the Church of the New Jerusalem
• Swedenborgian focus
• German-language periodical

source of information: Arndt; Fraser

bibliography: Karl J. R. Arndt & May E. Olson. German-American Newspapers and Periodicals: 1732-1955. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer Publishers, 1961.
• Sybille Fraser. "German Language Children's and Youth Periodicals in North America: A Checklist." Phaedrus 6 (Spring 1979): 27-31.

Little Christian ; 1871-1904?

published: Boston, MA: H. L. Hastings.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 10.5" h
• May be supplement for The Christian (1866-after 1872)

source of information: NUC; OCLC

Our Little People ; 1871-1934

published: Nashville, TN: Whitmore & Smith

description: 7.25" h • for children 6 to 8 years old

continued by: Primary Class

source of information: Batsel; NUC

Lutherisches Kinder- und Jugendblatt (Lutheran children's and young people's paper); Jan 1871-Dec 1938

edited by: L. W. Dorn; Johann Paul Beyer

published: St. Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House, Jan 1871-Dec 1938.

frequency: monthly

description: 16 pp.; quarto
• Organ of the German Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and other states
• German-language periodical

source of information: Arndt; Fraser

bibliography: Karl J. R. Arndt & May E. Olson. German-American Newspapers and Periodicals: 1732-1955. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer Publishers, 1961.
• Sybille Fraser. "German Language Children's and Youth Periodicals in North America: A Checklist." Phaedrus 6 (Spring 1979): 27-31.

The Sunday-School Magazine ; Jan 1871-Dec 1931 • Church School Magazine

published: Nashville, TN: Publishing House of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, Jan 1871-Dec 1931.

frequency: monthly; 1 vol/ year

description: Page size, 8.5" h

source of information: OCLC

Young Israel (also Libanon) ; Jan 1871-1900?

edited by: Louis Schnabel; Morris Brecher

published: New York, NY: L. Schnabel & M. Brecher, the Hebrew Orphan Asylum Printing Establishment.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 9.5" h • Oct 1875-May 1878: includes Libanon, German supplement

continued by: Israel's Home Journal

source of information: NUC; OCLC

bibliography: Naomi M. Patz and Philip E. Miller. "Jewish Religious Children's Literature in America: An Analytical Survey." Phaedrus 7 (Spring/Summer 1980): 19-29.

Morning Light ; Jan 1871-

published: New York, NY: American Tract Society.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 10" h

continues: Our School and Our Home

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

Young Folks Journal (also Little Things); March 1871-May 1874

published: Brinton, PA

frequency: monthly

description: Amateur publication

source of information: NUC

Our Young Folks' Illustrated Paper ; 1 Oct 1871-15 Dec 1873

edited by: E. C. Allen

published: Augusta, ME: E. C. Allen & Co.

frequency: semimonthly

description: 8 pp.; quarto; page size, 15.75" h x 11" w; price, $1/ year
• Circulation (from magazine): 1,000,000 copies of Oct 1871 issue; 15 Dec 1871, 500,000
• In 1871-1872, each issue included an engraving and biography of "distinguished scholars" in various high schools, mostly in Augusta; the column was similar to one appearing in 1872 in Frank Leslie's Boys' and Girls' Weekly.

relevant quote: The second issue promised great things: "Our Young Folks' Illustrated Paper [h]as now been before the public long enough for us to ascertain how well we have succeeded in catering to please the young people, and old people, too, who have young hearts. We are very much flattered at our success at getting up the paper, which we are assured by thousands of subscribers in all parts of the country, is just such a publication as they have long desired, and will patronize as long as it is kept up to its present standard. We assure all that our efforts shall be untiring, and our money shall be expended without stint, for all necessary purposes ever to make Our Young Folks' Illustrated Paper, the most interesting, useful, entertaining, and elevating young folks' publication in the world." [1 (15 Oct 1871): 12]

continued by: The Maine State Magazine

source of information: Oct 1871-Aug 1872, scattered issues (located in Winterthur Library, Wilmington, DE); Lyon; AAS catalog; OCLC

bibliography: Betty Longenecker Lyon. "A History of Children's Secular Magazines Published in the United States from 1789-1899." PhD diss. Johns Hopkins, 1942; pp. 313-315.

Boys' Ledger ; 1872

source of information: Kelly

bibliography: Children's Periodicals of the United States, ed. R. Gordon Kelly. Westport, CT & London, England: Greenwood Press, 1984.

Der Kinderfreund (The children's friend); 1872-1874?

edited by: J. B. A. Ahrens

published: New Orleans, LA: J. B. A. Ahrens.

frequency: monthly

description: Organ of the German Methodist Church, Southern Louisiana Conference
• German-language periodical

source of information: Arndt; Fraser

bibliography: Karl J. R. Arndt & May E. Olson. German-American Newspapers and Periodicals: 1732-1955. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer Publishers, 1961.
• Sybille Fraser. "German Language Children's and Youth Periodicals in North America: A Checklist." Phaedrus 6 (Spring 1979): 27-31.

Our Little Ones ; 1872-1931 • Story World ; 1931-after 31 Aug 1969

published: Philadelphia, PA: American Baptist Publication Society.
• Later issues: Valley Forge, PA: American Baptist Board of Education and Publication.

frequency: weekly

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

Der Schutzengel (The guardian angel); 1872-1875?

frequency: monthly

description: 16 pp.; large quarto
• Roman Catholic focus
• German-language periodical

source of information: Arndt; Fraser

bibliography: Karl J. R. Arndt & May E. Olson. German-American Newspapers and Periodicals: 1732-1955. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer Publishers, 1961.
• Sybille Fraser. "German Language Children's and Youth Periodicals in North America: A Checklist." Phaedrus 6 (Spring 1979): 27-31.

What Next? ; March 1872-1874

published: Chicago, IL: John B. Alden.

frequency: monthly

source of information: AAS catalog; OCLC

The Young Cadet ; Aug 1872-

edited by: Willett Hyatt

published: Poughkeepsie, NY: Willett J. Hyatt.

description: Newspaper format • Amateur publication

source of information: OCLC

The Young Folks Gem ; Nov 1872-after Oct 1873

published: Wadsworth, OH: John Clarke.
• Sharon Center, OH: John Clarke.

frequency: monthly

description: Page size, 7.75" h • Newspaper format • Amateur publication: "A journal for the young folks and old folks with young hearts"

source of information: NUC; AAS catalog; OCLC

The Laurel Wreath ; 1872?-after 1874

edited by: William Worth Dowling, 1874

published: Indianapolis, IN: William Worth Dowling.

frequency: quarterly

description: 1874 is vol 3

source of information: AAS catalog